Oil burner



Dec. 24, 1935. M. A. s. LIAVIGNE OIL BURNER Filed July 15, 1951 2 Sheets-Sheet l Dec. 24, 1935. M A, g NE 2,025,459

OIL BURNER Filed July 15, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Dec. 24, 1935 UNITED STATES FATENT OFFICE OIL BURNER Application July 15, 1931, Serial No. 551,035

2 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in a combination oil and gas burner, the primary object being to provide a type of burner designed to efficiently operate as an oil, gas or combination burner without resorting to any change of the cooperating elements comprising the members of the burner.

A further object is to provide a type of burner that is adapted for use in any style of domestic range, stove, water heater or furnace, is quiet and steady in performance, odorless and easy to operate, and is especially designed to efiiciently use any of the varying grades of domestic oil fuels or gases.

A still further object is to provide a type of burner employing a highly developed baffling means resulting in the complete reflection of all non-ignited'gases, thus assuring complete combustion and minimum operating costs for maximum heat production.

With these and other objects in view as will appear as the description proceeds, the invention consists in the design, construction and arrangement of parts as hereinafter more specifically set forth, claimed and shown in the accompanying drawings forming a part of this present application and in which:

Fig. 1 is a plan view of a burner embodying one form of the invention, the upper cover plate being partly broken away for the sake of clearness;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view on line 2-2 of Fig.

Fig. 3 is a sectional View on line 33 of Fig. l, and

Fig. 4 is a sectional View on line 44 of Fig. 1.

To illustrate a preferred embodiment of my invention, I have shown a burner consisting of a base 30 comprising annular rings 3| and 32 having annular flanges 33, 34, 35 and 36 rising therefrom, these flanges in conjunction with the base rings providing annular fuel grooves 31 and 38.

Removably mounted upon shoulders formed on the inner flange 33. is a baiiie ring 39. This baille ring 39 is provided with a shoulder adjacent its outer edge, and the flanges 34, 35 and 36 are also provided with shoulders adjacent their upper ends, upon which shoulders are seated perforated cylindrical metal shells 43, 4|, 42, and 43, these shells being preferably formed of sheet metal. The shells rise from the walls of the fuel grooves so as to form combustion chambers thereabove in the usual manner.

The inner fuel groove 31 is provided with an opening 44 into which leads a pipe 45 through which the fuel, such as kerosene, for example, may be introduced into the groove 31. As shown be apparent, therefore, that the level of oil above the bottom of the outer fuel groove will be less than the level above the bottom of the inner fuel groove, and, moreover, the fuel will flow gradually into the outer groove as it must rise gradually over the inclined bottom of the duct or conduit 46.

A top plate or cover 50 is seated upon the upper edges of the cylindrical shells 4|], 4|, 42, and 43. This top plate is preferably made in one piece and is provided with an inner row of openings or louvers 5| above the inner fuel groove, and an outer row of openings or louvers 52 above the outer fuel groove. Otherwise the plate is solid and closes the top of the burner.

These louvers are formed by striking up elongated lugs 53 and 54 from the metal of the plate, these lugs being slightly spaced from each other so as to leave a portion of the burner top, such as 55, therebetween.

It will be noted that the outer louvers 54 are spaced slightly inwardly from the periphery of the top plate 5|] so as to leave a narrow strip of metal 56 projecting over the edge of the outer combustion chamber, this strip of metal resting upon the outer shell 43. The top plate is also provided with a peripheral downwardly extending flange 5'! fitting around the outer shell 43, and the plate may be provided with annular indentations 58 and 59 to provide shoulders to engage and hold in proper relation the upper edges of the shells 45, 4| and 42.

It will also be noted from reference to Figs. 2 and 3 that the louver openings 5| and 52 are provided intermediate the cylindrical shells forming the combustion chambers therebetween so that gases are not permitted to pass directly up the walls of the shells and out the louver openings, but such gases must first strike the overhanging portions of the top plate. Moreover, the metal lugs 53 and 54 forming the louvers are struck upwardly in an inclined position so as to cause the out- M flowing gases to impinge thereagainst and be directed laterally. In this manner the outlets from the upper ends of the combustion chambers are suitably restricted.

The base is provided with a spider 60, the

hub 6| of. which is provided with an opening the jets extending upwardly to slightly below the roof of the fuel duct and being served through the pipes 66 which may be connected to the main gas supply pipe 6! leading into the tubular standard 62. Thus the gas is radiated to all the combustion chambers, and the extended height of the gas jets prevents any of the oil fuel from entering and clogging them.

In the operation of the burner, it will be understood that wicks (not shown) of the usual wellknown form are disposed within the annular fuel grooves 31 and 38. These wicks at their lower ends contact with the fuel within the grooves, and they are lighted by a taper inserted at the top of the burner when the cover has been removed. The heat from the flame of the wicks serves to vaporize the liquid fuel, and the vapor from this fuel burns within the combustion chambers. The burner, of course, soon gets hot and this heat further serves to vaporize the fuel. The flame is extinguished by cutting off the fuel supply. Any unburned vapor collects in the fuel grooves and it will be understood that the level of the fuel within the grooves is maintained and determined by the level of the fuel supply in the usual manner common to oil burners of this type. Any unburned vapor condensing in the outer groove is, of course, returned to the inner groove by the passages 40 so that the fuel level is maintained at the same height in both of the grooves.

While I have shown and described a preferred embodiment of my invention, it will be understood that it is not to be limited to all of the details shown, but is capable of modification and variation within the spirit of the invention and within the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. An oil burner comprising a base having a fuel groove, perforated inner and outer walls rising therefrom to form a combustion chamber, a cover plate supported by said walls and seated against the upper edge of each of said walls, said plate being provided with openings over said chamber, and said openings lying intermediate the walls of the combustion chamber whereby a solid annular ring of material of the plate projects inwardly over the combustion chamber from each of the walls in the path of the heated gases rising adjacent the walls, and means adjacent said openings to deflect outwardly the gases issuing therethrouah.

2. An oil burner comprising a base having a fuel groove, perforated inner and outer walls rising therefrom to form a combustion chamber above the groove, 1!. cover plate supported by said walls and seated against the upper edge of each of the walls, said plate being provided with openings over said chamber, said openings being formed by lugs struck from the metal of the plate and said lugs being outwardly inclined to direct gases issuing through the openings in an outward direction, and said openings being formed intermediate the walls of the combustion chamber whereby a solid annular ring of the material of the plate project's inwardly "over the combustion chamber from each of the 'wallsin the path of the heated gases rising adjacent the walls.

MICHAEL A. S. LAVIGNE. 

